class ViewSet

from rest_framework.viewsets import ViewSet
    The base ViewSet class does not provide any actions by default.
    

Ancestors (MRO)

  1. ViewSet
  2. ViewSetMixin
  3. APIView
  4. View

Attributes

  Defined in
allowed_methods = <property object at 0x7fdd32086680> APIView
authentication_classes = [<class 'rest_framework.authentication.SessionAuthentication'>, <class 'rest_framework.authentication.BasicAuthentication'>] APIView
content_negotiation_class = <class 'rest_framework.negotiation.DefaultContentNegotiation'> APIView
default_response_headers = <property object at 0x7fdd32086b80> APIView
http_method_names = ['get', 'post', 'put', 'patch', 'delete', 'head', 'options', 'trace'] View
metadata_class = <class 'rest_framework.metadata.SimpleMetadata'> APIView
parser_classes = [<class 'rest_framework.parsers.JSONParser'>, <class 'rest_framework.parsers.FormParser'>, <class 'rest_framework.parsers.MultiPartParser'>] APIView
permission_classes = [<class 'rest_framework.permissions.AllowAny'>] APIView
renderer_classes = [<class 'rest_framework.renderers.JSONRenderer'>, <class 'rest_framework.renderers.BrowsableAPIRenderer'>] APIView
settings = <rest_framework.settings.APISettings object at 0x7fdd31ae7700> APIView
throttle_classes = () APIView
versioning_class = None APIView
Expand Collapse

Methods

def _allowed_methods(self): View

    def _allowed_methods(self):
        return [m.upper() for m in self.http_method_names if hasattr(self, m)]

def as_view(cls, actions=None, **initkwargs):

ViewSetMixin

        Because of the way class based views create a closure around the
        instantiated view, we need to totally reimplement `.as_view`,
        and slightly modify the view function that is created and returned.
        
    @classonlymethod
    def as_view(cls, actions=None, **initkwargs):
        """
        Because of the way class based views create a closure around the
        instantiated view, we need to totally reimplement `.as_view`,
        and slightly modify the view function that is created and returned.
        """
        # The suffix initkwarg is reserved for identifying the viewset type
        # eg. 'List' or 'Instance'.
        cls.suffix = None

        # actions must not be empty
        if not actions:
            raise TypeError("The `actions` argument must be provided when "
                            "calling `.as_view()` on a ViewSet. For example "
                            "`.as_view({'get': 'list'})`")

        # sanitize keyword arguments
        for key in initkwargs:
            if key in cls.http_method_names:
                raise TypeError("You tried to pass in the %s method name as a "
                                "keyword argument to %s(). Don't do that."
                                % (key, cls.__name__))
            if not hasattr(cls, key):
                raise TypeError("%s() received an invalid keyword %r" % (
                    cls.__name__, key))

        def view(request, *args, **kwargs):
            self = cls(**initkwargs)
            # We also store the mapping of request methods to actions,
            # so that we can later set the action attribute.
            # eg. `self.action = 'list'` on an incoming GET request.
            self.action_map = actions

            # Bind methods to actions
            # This is the bit that's different to a standard view
            for method, action in actions.items():
                handler = getattr(self, action)
                setattr(self, method, handler)

            # Patch this in as it's otherwise only present from 1.5 onwards
            if hasattr(self, 'get') and not hasattr(self, 'head'):
                self.head = self.get

            # And continue as usual
            return self.dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)

        # take name and docstring from class
        update_wrapper(view, cls, updated=())

        # and possible attributes set by decorators
        # like csrf_exempt from dispatch
        update_wrapper(view, cls.dispatch, assigned=())

        # We need to set these on the view function, so that breadcrumb
        # generation can pick out these bits of information from a
        # resolved URL.
        view.cls = cls
        view.suffix = initkwargs.get('suffix', None)
        return csrf_exempt(view)

APIView

        Store the original class on the view function.

        This allows us to discover information about the view when we do URL
        reverse lookups.  Used for breadcrumb generation.
        
    @classmethod
    def as_view(cls, **initkwargs):
        """
        Store the original class on the view function.

        This allows us to discover information about the view when we do URL
        reverse lookups.  Used for breadcrumb generation.
        """
        view = super(APIView, cls).as_view(**initkwargs)
        view.cls = cls
        # Note: session based authentication is explicitly CSRF validated,
        # all other authentication is CSRF exempt.
        return csrf_exempt(view)

View

        Main entry point for a request-response process.
        
    @classonlymethod
    def as_view(cls, **initkwargs):
        """
        Main entry point for a request-response process.
        """
        for key in initkwargs:
            if key in cls.http_method_names:
                raise TypeError("You tried to pass in the %s method name as a "
                                "keyword argument to %s(). Don't do that."
                                % (key, cls.__name__))
            if not hasattr(cls, key):
                raise TypeError("%s() received an invalid keyword %r. as_view "
                                "only accepts arguments that are already "
                                "attributes of the class." % (cls.__name__, key))

        def view(request, *args, **kwargs):
            self = cls(**initkwargs)
            if hasattr(self, 'get') and not hasattr(self, 'head'):
                self.head = self.get
            self.request = request
            self.args = args
            self.kwargs = kwargs
            return self.dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
        view.view_class = cls
        view.view_initkwargs = initkwargs

        # take name and docstring from class
        update_wrapper(view, cls, updated=())

        # and possible attributes set by decorators
        # like csrf_exempt from dispatch
        update_wrapper(view, cls.dispatch, assigned=())
        return view

def check_object_permissions(self, request, obj): APIView

        Check if the request should be permitted for a given object.
        Raises an appropriate exception if the request is not permitted.
        
    def check_object_permissions(self, request, obj):
        """
        Check if the request should be permitted for a given object.
        Raises an appropriate exception if the request is not permitted.
        """
        for permission in self.get_permissions():
            if not permission.has_object_permission(request, self, obj):
                self.permission_denied(request)

def check_permissions(self, request): APIView

        Check if the request should be permitted.
        Raises an appropriate exception if the request is not permitted.
        
    def check_permissions(self, request):
        """
        Check if the request should be permitted.
        Raises an appropriate exception if the request is not permitted.
        """
        for permission in self.get_permissions():
            if not permission.has_permission(request, self):
                self.permission_denied(request)

def check_throttles(self, request): APIView

        Check if request should be throttled.
        Raises an appropriate exception if the request is throttled.
        
    def check_throttles(self, request):
        """
        Check if request should be throttled.
        Raises an appropriate exception if the request is throttled.
        """
        for throttle in self.get_throttles():
            if not throttle.allow_request(request, self):
                self.throttled(request, throttle.wait())

def determine_version(self, request, *args, **kwargs): APIView

        If versioning is being used, then determine any API version for the
        incoming request. Returns a two-tuple of (version, versioning_scheme)
        
    def determine_version(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        """
        If versioning is being used, then determine any API version for the
        incoming request. Returns a two-tuple of (version, versioning_scheme)
        """
        if self.versioning_class is None:
            return (None, None)
        scheme = self.versioning_class()
        return (scheme.determine_version(request, *args, **kwargs), scheme)

def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):

APIView

        `.dispatch()` is pretty much the same as Django's regular dispatch,
        but with extra hooks for startup, finalize, and exception handling.
        
    def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        """
        `.dispatch()` is pretty much the same as Django's regular dispatch,
        but with extra hooks for startup, finalize, and exception handling.
        """
        self.args = args
        self.kwargs = kwargs
        request = self.initialize_request(request, *args, **kwargs)
        self.request = request
        self.headers = self.default_response_headers  # deprecate?

        try:
            self.initial(request, *args, **kwargs)

            # Get the appropriate handler method
            if request.method.lower() in self.http_method_names:
                handler = getattr(self, request.method.lower(),
                                  self.http_method_not_allowed)
            else:
                handler = self.http_method_not_allowed

            response = handler(request, *args, **kwargs)

        except Exception as exc:
            response = self.handle_exception(exc)

        self.response = self.finalize_response(request, response, *args, **kwargs)
        return self.response

View

    def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        # Try to dispatch to the right method; if a method doesn't exist,
        # defer to the error handler. Also defer to the error handler if the
        # request method isn't on the approved list.
        if request.method.lower() in self.http_method_names:
            handler = getattr(self, request.method.lower(), self.http_method_not_allowed)
        else:
            handler = self.http_method_not_allowed
        return handler(request, *args, **kwargs)

def finalize_response(self, request, response, *args, **kwargs): APIView

        Returns the final response object.
        
    def finalize_response(self, request, response, *args, **kwargs):
        """
        Returns the final response object.
        """
        # Make the error obvious if a proper response is not returned
        assert isinstance(response, HttpResponseBase), (
            'Expected a `Response`, `HttpResponse` or `HttpStreamingResponse` '
            'to be returned from the view, but received a `%s`'
            % type(response)
        )

        if isinstance(response, Response):
            if not getattr(request, 'accepted_renderer', None):
                neg = self.perform_content_negotiation(request, force=True)
                request.accepted_renderer, request.accepted_media_type = neg

            response.accepted_renderer = request.accepted_renderer
            response.accepted_media_type = request.accepted_media_type
            response.renderer_context = self.get_renderer_context()

        for key, value in self.headers.items():
            response[key] = value

        return response

def get_authenticate_header(self, request): APIView

        If a request is unauthenticated, determine the WWW-Authenticate
        header to use for 401 responses, if any.
        
    def get_authenticate_header(self, request):
        """
        If a request is unauthenticated, determine the WWW-Authenticate
        header to use for 401 responses, if any.
        """
        authenticators = self.get_authenticators()
        if authenticators:
            return authenticators[0].authenticate_header(request)

def get_authenticators(self): APIView

        Instantiates and returns the list of authenticators that this view can use.
        
    def get_authenticators(self):
        """
        Instantiates and returns the list of authenticators that this view can use.
        """
        return [auth() for auth in self.authentication_classes]

def get_content_negotiator(self): APIView

        Instantiate and return the content negotiation class to use.
        
    def get_content_negotiator(self):
        """
        Instantiate and return the content negotiation class to use.
        """
        if not getattr(self, '_negotiator', None):
            self._negotiator = self.content_negotiation_class()
        return self._negotiator

def get_exception_handler_context(self): APIView

        Returns a dict that is passed through to EXCEPTION_HANDLER,
        as the `context` argument.
        
    def get_exception_handler_context(self):
        """
        Returns a dict that is passed through to EXCEPTION_HANDLER,
        as the `context` argument.
        """
        return {
            'view': self,
            'args': getattr(self, 'args', ()),
            'kwargs': getattr(self, 'kwargs', {}),
            'request': getattr(self, 'request', None)
        }

def get_format_suffix(self, **kwargs): APIView

        Determine if the request includes a '.json' style format suffix
        
    def get_format_suffix(self, **kwargs):
        """
        Determine if the request includes a '.json' style format suffix
        """
        if self.settings.FORMAT_SUFFIX_KWARG:
            return kwargs.get(self.settings.FORMAT_SUFFIX_KWARG)

def get_parser_context(self, http_request): APIView

        Returns a dict that is passed through to Parser.parse(),
        as the `parser_context` keyword argument.
        
    def get_parser_context(self, http_request):
        """
        Returns a dict that is passed through to Parser.parse(),
        as the `parser_context` keyword argument.
        """
        # Note: Additionally `request` and `encoding` will also be added
        #       to the context by the Request object.
        return {
            'view': self,
            'args': getattr(self, 'args', ()),
            'kwargs': getattr(self, 'kwargs', {})
        }

def get_parsers(self): APIView

        Instantiates and returns the list of parsers that this view can use.
        
    def get_parsers(self):
        """
        Instantiates and returns the list of parsers that this view can use.
        """
        return [parser() for parser in self.parser_classes]

def get_permissions(self): APIView

        Instantiates and returns the list of permissions that this view requires.
        
    def get_permissions(self):
        """
        Instantiates and returns the list of permissions that this view requires.
        """
        return [permission() for permission in self.permission_classes]

def get_renderer_context(self): APIView

        Returns a dict that is passed through to Renderer.render(),
        as the `renderer_context` keyword argument.
        
    def get_renderer_context(self):
        """
        Returns a dict that is passed through to Renderer.render(),
        as the `renderer_context` keyword argument.
        """
        # Note: Additionally 'response' will also be added to the context,
        #       by the Response object.
        return {
            'view': self,
            'args': getattr(self, 'args', ()),
            'kwargs': getattr(self, 'kwargs', {}),
            'request': getattr(self, 'request', None)
        }

def get_renderers(self): APIView

        Instantiates and returns the list of renderers that this view can use.
        
    def get_renderers(self):
        """
        Instantiates and returns the list of renderers that this view can use.
        """
        return [renderer() for renderer in self.renderer_classes]

def get_throttles(self): APIView

        Instantiates and returns the list of throttles that this view uses.
        
    def get_throttles(self):
        """
        Instantiates and returns the list of throttles that this view uses.
        """
        return [throttle() for throttle in self.throttle_classes]

def get_view_description(self, html=False): APIView

        Return some descriptive text for the view, as used in OPTIONS responses
        and in the browsable API.
        
    def get_view_description(self, html=False):
        """
        Return some descriptive text for the view, as used in OPTIONS responses
        and in the browsable API.
        """
        func = self.settings.VIEW_DESCRIPTION_FUNCTION
        return func(self.__class__, html)

def get_view_name(self): APIView

        Return the view name, as used in OPTIONS responses and in the
        browsable API.
        
    def get_view_name(self):
        """
        Return the view name, as used in OPTIONS responses and in the
        browsable API.
        """
        func = self.settings.VIEW_NAME_FUNCTION
        return func(self.__class__, getattr(self, 'suffix', None))

def handle_exception(self, exc): APIView

        Handle any exception that occurs, by returning an appropriate response,
        or re-raising the error.
        
    def handle_exception(self, exc):
        """
        Handle any exception that occurs, by returning an appropriate response,
        or re-raising the error.
        """
        if isinstance(exc, (exceptions.NotAuthenticated,
                            exceptions.AuthenticationFailed)):
            # WWW-Authenticate header for 401 responses, else coerce to 403
            auth_header = self.get_authenticate_header(self.request)

            if auth_header:
                exc.auth_header = auth_header
            else:
                exc.status_code = status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN

        exception_handler = self.settings.EXCEPTION_HANDLER

        if len(inspect.getargspec(exception_handler).args) == 1:
            warnings.warn(
                'The `exception_handler(exc)` call signature is deprecated. '
                'Use `exception_handler(exc, context) instead.',
                DeprecationWarning
            )
            response = exception_handler(exc)
        else:
            context = self.get_exception_handler_context()
            response = exception_handler(exc, context)

        if response is None:
            raise

        response.exception = True
        return response

def http_method_not_allowed(self, request, *args, **kwargs):

APIView

        If `request.method` does not correspond to a handler method,
        determine what kind of exception to raise.
        
    def http_method_not_allowed(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        """
        If `request.method` does not correspond to a handler method,
        determine what kind of exception to raise.
        """
        raise exceptions.MethodNotAllowed(request.method)

View

    def http_method_not_allowed(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        logger.warning(
            'Method Not Allowed (%s): %s', request.method, request.path,
            extra={'status_code': 405, 'request': request}
        )
        return http.HttpResponseNotAllowed(self._allowed_methods())

def initial(self, request, *args, **kwargs): APIView

        Runs anything that needs to occur prior to calling the method handler.
        
    def initial(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        """
        Runs anything that needs to occur prior to calling the method handler.
        """
        self.format_kwarg = self.get_format_suffix(**kwargs)

        # Ensure that the incoming request is permitted
        self.perform_authentication(request)
        self.check_permissions(request)
        self.check_throttles(request)

        # Perform content negotiation and store the accepted info on the request
        neg = self.perform_content_negotiation(request)
        request.accepted_renderer, request.accepted_media_type = neg

        # Determine the API version, if versioning is in use.
        version, scheme = self.determine_version(request, *args, **kwargs)
        request.version, request.versioning_scheme = version, scheme

def initialize_request(self, request, *args, **kwargs):

ViewSetMixin

        Set the `.action` attribute on the view,
        depending on the request method.
        
    def initialize_request(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        """
        Set the `.action` attribute on the view,
        depending on the request method.
        """
        request = super(ViewSetMixin, self).initialize_request(request, *args, **kwargs)
        self.action = self.action_map.get(request.method.lower())
        return request

APIView

        Returns the initial request object.
        
    def initialize_request(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        """
        Returns the initial request object.
        """
        parser_context = self.get_parser_context(request)

        return Request(
            request,
            parsers=self.get_parsers(),
            authenticators=self.get_authenticators(),
            negotiator=self.get_content_negotiator(),
            parser_context=parser_context
        )

def options(self, request, *args, **kwargs):

APIView

        Handler method for HTTP 'OPTIONS' request.
        
    def options(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        """
        Handler method for HTTP 'OPTIONS' request.
        """
        if self.metadata_class is None:
            return self.http_method_not_allowed(request, *args, **kwargs)
        data = self.metadata_class().determine_metadata(request, self)
        return Response(data, status=status.HTTP_200_OK)

View

        Handles responding to requests for the OPTIONS HTTP verb.
        
    def options(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        """
        Handles responding to requests for the OPTIONS HTTP verb.
        """
        response = http.HttpResponse()
        response['Allow'] = ', '.join(self._allowed_methods())
        response['Content-Length'] = '0'
        return response

def perform_authentication(self, request): APIView

        Perform authentication on the incoming request.

        Note that if you override this and simply 'pass', then authentication
        will instead be performed lazily, the first time either
        `request.user` or `request.auth` is accessed.
        
    def perform_authentication(self, request):
        """
        Perform authentication on the incoming request.

        Note that if you override this and simply 'pass', then authentication
        will instead be performed lazily, the first time either
        `request.user` or `request.auth` is accessed.
        """
        request.user

def perform_content_negotiation(self, request, force=False): APIView

        Determine which renderer and media type to use render the response.
        
    def perform_content_negotiation(self, request, force=False):
        """
        Determine which renderer and media type to use render the response.
        """
        renderers = self.get_renderers()
        conneg = self.get_content_negotiator()

        try:
            return conneg.select_renderer(request, renderers, self.format_kwarg)
        except Exception:
            if force:
                return (renderers[0], renderers[0].media_type)
            raise

def permission_denied(self, request): APIView

        If request is not permitted, determine what kind of exception to raise.
        
    def permission_denied(self, request):
        """
        If request is not permitted, determine what kind of exception to raise.
        """
        if not request.successful_authenticator:
            raise exceptions.NotAuthenticated()
        raise exceptions.PermissionDenied()

def throttled(self, request, wait): APIView

        If request is throttled, determine what kind of exception to raise.
        
    def throttled(self, request, wait):
        """
        If request is throttled, determine what kind of exception to raise.
        """
        raise exceptions.Throttled(wait)